Method and apparatus for making helices without the aid of a core or mandrel



Dec. 1939. J. KARITZKY 2,182,342

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKIN ELICES WITHOUT THE AID OF A CORE QR vNDREL Fil 31, 1939 ed Jan. 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR TTORNEY Dec. 5,1939. .J. KARITZKY 2,182,342

IBTHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKIN ELICES WITHOUT THE AID OF A GORE 0R NDRELFiled Jan. 31, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 L J J l l I l l I INVENTOR {07112Karitzkg,

Dec. 5, 1939. I J

AND ,A UT 11 2,182,342 LICES ANDREL 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 KARITZKY PPARATUSFOR MAKING E AID OF A CORE 0R M led Jan. C51, 1959 MET 1939- J.KARITZKY. Y 2,182,342

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAK'INGHELICES WITHOUT THE AID OF A CORE 0RMANDREL Filed Jan. 31, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 umnlHlIlHlH [la/4 O O V M5w-x BY Patented Dec. 5, 1939 PATENT OFFICE METHOD AND APPARATUS. FORMAKING HELICES WITHOUT, THE AID-F A CORE 0 MANDBEL John Karitzky,Garwood, N. J., assignor to Diamond Expansion Bolt Company,

Garwood,

N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application January 31, 1839, SerialNo. 253,799

10 Claims More particularly my invention covers the method and apparatusfor making helices cheaply and expeditiously. These helices may be usedfor various purposes. They are particularly adapted to support and holdobjects on a wall, pole or any other support.

I have shown helices made by my invention, supporting a power wire, orline wire, though of course the helices are adapted for various otheruses.

Helices have heretofore been made by employing a cylindrical core ormandrel around which the wire was wound, the core or mandrel being thenremoved. This method is slow and expenin large quantities manufacturedby the old method above described. By my invention the cost ofmanufacture is so reduced that theycan be used in large quantities tosupport line wires, power wires, or similar members, from walls,

. poles, or other supports.

My invention further relates to certain combinations, sub-combinations,methods and details of construction, all of which will be more fullyhereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

For purposes of illustration I have shown different forms of helices,made by my invention, supporting a power wire, or a telephone line wire,from a wall or other support.

In the figures I have shown different embodiments of my invention, thesame reference numerals refer to. similar parts of the several figures.

Fig. l is a front elevation of a wall or other support on which a doublehelix is supported by an insulator, and in turn cooperates with andgrips a power-wire or a line wire.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 33 of Fig. 1 looking in thedirection of the arrows, the wall, insulator, helix and power wire beingin section.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a blank or piece of straight wire, preferably,though not necessarily, bent in the middle to form an eye, from whichone form of helix is made by my invention.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a helix made, according to my invention, out ofthe left arm of Fig. 4. The other, or right arm 13 (Fig. 1) is, in thisform of my invention, formed into a helix separately.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view, partly in section 5 ratus to carry out myimproved method.

sive. It is not economically feasible to use helices and partly in sideelevation, of one form of appa- Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical sectionon line l'| of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on line 8-8 of Fig. 6, lookingdown in thedirection of the arrows, the lower dies 8-8 being shown in plan.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section on line 8-8 of Fig. 8, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail fragmentary view, similar to Fig. 9,showing the cutaway portions of the dies, and the spring-back of thewire after it has been purposely over bent. The upper dies are shownbeing withdrawn after forming the helix with the aid of the lower dies.

Figs. 11 to 15 inclusive illustrate a modification in which doublehelices may be made at one and the same time. Fig. 1-1 is a plan view ofa wire blank bent to form two (2) parallel arms and preferably, thoughnot necessarily, an eye.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of a double helix formed in one operation fromthe blank of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the lower set of double dies to make thedouble helix of Fig. 12. The complementary upper set of double dies isnot illustrated.

Fig. 14 is an end elevation of dies shown in' Fig. 13.

; Fig. 15 is a fragmentary sectional detail view on line I5|5 of Fig.13, illustrating the cutaway portion of all the dies to avoid marring'the wire.

By my invention I subject wire, or similar material, to pressure atdifferent angles to the longitudinal axis of the wire, to form one ormore, helices as may be desired in the finished article. Preferably theyare formed at one operation, or they may be formed successively.

I have illustrated in the drawings one form of apparatus which Ihavefound very successful in use.

In Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, I have shown portions of a power press and adie set in which I '"isthe bolster plate, and 2 the movable ram of thepress. The punch pad, 3 of the die set is -connected to the movable ram2 in any suitable manner, as by the; studs 4, 4.} The base 5 of the dieset is connected to'the bolster plate I of the press in any suitablemanner, as by the studs 6, 6.

On the base 5 is secured, in any suitable manner, as by the screws I, IFig. 6, a plurality of lower dies 8, 8. These lower dies 8, 8 are spacedfrom each other just the width of the'upper dies 8, 8 carried by thepunch pad 3, in any suitable manner, as by screws 1, 'I (not shown withdies 8, 8).

one of the double 25 Kill the t and 9 are shown more clearly in Else.2', it and d. it will be se n all these dies 8 and 9 have curved,tortuous or sinuous shaping or bending surfaces it, it, figs. 7 and 8.The shaping or bending athletes in the upper dies t, (J are shown indotted lines in S.

In operation the arm it of. the blanlr i l, l, is allowed to rest on thedie surfaces iii in the lower dies t, d. The power press is thenoperated to move the ram 2, with the punch pad 53, carrying the uppermovable ti, 9 towards the lower dies 8, supported by tlie nommovablebase d, secured to the non movable bolster plate 6 of the press. goredwith relation to each other, Figs. and i l. litter the upper dies 9, 9contact with the arm E2 of the blank i they continue their movementtowards the hired base plate 5. in doing so they place pressure atdiiierent angles to the longitudinal axis of the arm 62, causingthe arm62 to follow the sinous or tortuous shaping or bending surfaces oi thedies 8 and il, Figs. 6 and 9, to form a helix, Fig. 5.

In practice, it is found desirable to over bend the wire as shown indotted lines it, it in Fig. 1c. The spring of the wire it, as thepressure is released by withdrawing the upper dies 9, 9 in the directionof the large arrow in Fig. 10, will cause the wire B2 to spring back;from the position indicated by the dotted. lines it, it in Fig. ill, tothe full lines shown in that figure. This is indicated by the smallarrow in that figure. Of course, this spring back of the wire iscompensated for.

To prevent shearing strains on the wire l2, which would tend to indentit, or if it is made of hard metal covered with a softer metal, as forexample copper, i cut away or ease off the edges of the dies 8, and ii,at W, ill, see Fig.

.. it, which will also prevent marring of the copper or softer coveringof the wire, it such covering be used.

When the arm 52 or the blank it is withdrawn from the dies, it will be ahelix as shown in Fig. 5. In the form shown in Fig. i, it would then benecessary to place the arm i3 (broken away in Fig. 5) within the press,when the complete double helix, shown in Fig. i would be formed.

In using this form of my invention, the eye ill or the helix issupported on a wall 25, or other support, by means of the insulator it,which is held by any suitable fastening means as the screw 20.

It will be seen that each one or the helices in Fig. 1 has alongitudinally extending'bore 20, the walls of which are interrupted bythe openings betweenthe convolutiors of the helix. It is in this bore212 that the object supported is held or gripped more or less firmlywith sufiici ent pressure to prevent ordinary and excessive loads,causing relative slipping between the helix and the object supported.lit the object supported is a power or line wire 22, the helices willgrip it and transfer the strains and stresses to the wall or othersupport 25, and will prevent the slipping of the power or line wirewithin the helices, which, if continued, would cause the failure of theline.

The helices can be readily applied by the op- ,eratorgrasping first oneend 23, and wrapping the helix around a portion of the power or linewire 22, and then grasping the other end 23, and winding that helixaround its portion of The dies i3, i3 and i] are stagaieasca the poweror line wire 22, thereby causing the helices to firmly grip the linewire.

Oi course it is to be understood that simply one helix alone, or onehelix with an eye it may be employed, by omitting the second arm l3.This form would be exactly as shown in Fig. 5, except that the secondarm it] would be out off alittle closer to the eye ill. in such a formone operation of the apparatus carrying the dies would sufice to formthe helix shown in that figure. This single helix may be used alone, orwith other similar ones, to support a line or power wire, or othermember.

In Figs. 11 to 15 inclusive, I have illustrated a modification in whicha double helix can be I formed with one operation of the press by us==ing my dies, having double tortuous or siuous shaping or bendingsurfaces lid, Mil.

in this form of my invention, 1 have illustrated simply the lower doubledies ltd, ltd, Fig. 13, carried by the base m5. dies (not shown) aresimilar in all respects to the dies t of the other form, except theyhave double shaping or die surfaces lit, Hill, as in Figs. 13 and 14..

In this form of my invention the blank lid, Fig. 11 is placed with itsarmsi ii and M8, resting in the lower double dies ltd, tilt. When theupper double dies (not shown) are brought down by the press in themanner fully described to form the single helix, Figs. 6, 8 and 9, eacharm i it and its will simultaneously be formed into a helix, Fig. 12. Ifdesired, the eye lit in Figs. 11 and 12 may be omitted, as well as theeye id in Figs. 1, 3, t and 5.

The double dies are cut away or eased off at Ill, il in the same mannerand for the same purpose as in the apparatus previously described.

If desired, I may form a wire with one helix, then on the withdrawal ofthe upper dies, I may feed the wire over the lower dies to leave astraight portion of wire, then form another portion of the wire with ahelix, and so on, there being as many helices and blank spaces on thewire as may be found desirable.

It will be noted that no mandrel or core is employed, and that thehelicescan be manufactored as fast as an operator can feed the blanks tothe dies. This so reduces the cost of manufac ture that my helices canbe used in quantities, and can successfuly and economically compete withinferior fasteners used for the same purpose.

I am aware that prior to my invention, in the entirely diiferent art ofmanufacturing wire fabrio, separate strands of wire have been heldbetween two moveable dies and a straight short piece of tie wire hasbeen forced, by a third moveable die or plunger, through circuitousgrooves in the first two dies, so as to cause the short tie wire tocross one wire and be wrapped around another wire; both wires forming apart of the wire fabric, or other wire structure, to hold them together.

In such a construction, one of the wires of the wire fabric, which theshort tie wire is wrapped around, acts as, andnecessarily is, a mandrel.This is entirely regardless of the third action of the third die orplunger exerting pressure on the end of the tie wire, to force itthrough the circuitous grooves in the two moveable main dies.

In this non-analogous art, it is to be noted-that the sides of thecircuitous grooves, shaping the short tie wire, exert pressure from theexterior of the tie wire towards the center which is resisted andstopped by the strand of the wire fabric The upper double around whichit is wrapped, this strand of wire forming a mandrel as previouslynoted. And, further, this mandrel remains in the curved tie wire becauseit is all part of the wire fabric or other wire structure.

In my invention, all pressure is exerted by two sets of dies, staggeredwith relation to each other, each acting on what becomes, in thefinished article, the interior of the helix, there being no mandrel, orequivalent, and no die is in line with its opposite die, because theyare staggered in relation to each other.

In the non-analogous prior art referred to, the curved tie wire after itis formed, is not meant to be, and cannot be removed from the two wiresit holds together, because it all becomes a part of the wire fabric, orother wire structure. It is bent or wrapped in situ and there itremains. It is not adapted to support anything; but is supported by thetwo wires which it holds together. I make no claim to such a totallydifferent invention.

Having thus described this invention in connection with illustrativeembodiments thereof, to the details of which I do not desire to belimited, what is claimed as new and what is desired to secure by LettersPatent is set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. The method of forming a supporting helix from wire or similarmaterial, without the aid of a core or mandrel consisting insimultaneously bending a substantially straight wire along its lengthbetween oppositely disposed dies, one of which reciprocates relativelyto the other, each die having helically curved shaping surfaces, to forma helix having a bore of substantially uniform diameter to support, gripand hold a wire or object mounted within it.

2. The method of forming a supporting helix from wire or similarmaterial, without the aid of a core or mandrel consisting insimultaneously bending, in one operation, a substantially straight wireblank along its length, between oppositely disposed dies, one of whichreciprocates relatively to the other, each die having helically curvedshaping surfaces, to form a helix having a substantially uniformdiameter to surround, grip and hold a wire orobject mounted within it.

3. The method of forming a supporting helix from wire or similarmaterial, without the aid of a core or mandrel consisting insimultaneously bending, in different planes, and in one operation, asubstantially straight wire blank; along its length between oppositelydisposed dies, oneof which reciprocates relatively to the other, eachdie having helically curved shaping surfaces to form a helix having anaxial bore of substantially uniform diameter to surround, grip and holda wire or object mounted within it.

4. The method of forming a supporting helix from wire or similarmaterial, without the aid of a core or mandrel by positioning asubstantially straight wire blank between oppositely disposed diemembers, each having a series of spaced shaping surfaces comprising aportion of a helix, and reciprocating one the member with relation tothe other die member, to form a helix having a bore of substantiallyuniform diameter to 10 support, grip and hold a wire or object mountedwithin it.

5. The method of forming a supporting helix from wire or similarmaterial, without the aid of .a core or mandrel consisting in subjectingthat portion of a substantially straight wire blank which is to become apart of the inner surface of the axial bore of the helix to pressure indifferent directions between oppositely disposed dies, one of whichreciprocates relatively to the other, each die having helically curvedshaping surfaces, to form a helix having a bore of substantially uniformdiameter to surround, grip and hold a wire or object mounted within it.

6. An apparatus for forming supporting helices without the aid of a coreor mandrel as separate articles of manufacture, comprising two dies, oneof which reciprocates, each of said dies provided with spaced shapingsurfaces comprising a portion of a helix, to bend a wire blank in oneoperation in a plurality of planes to form a helix having an axial boreof substantially uniform diameter.

7. An apparatus for forming without the aid of a core or mandrelsupporting helices as separate articles of manufacture, comprising twodies, one of which reciprocates, said dies provided with spaced shapingsurfaces comprising a portion of a helix to bend a wire blank in oneoperation in a plurality of planes to form a helix having an axial boreof substantially uniform diameter, the edges of said dies being cut awayto form clearances .to prevent a shearing or marring action on thewireblank.

8. An apparatus for forming supporting helices as separate articles ofmanufacture, without .the aid of a core or mandrel, comprising aplurality of dies, at least one of which reciprocates, said dies eachhaving spaced shaping surfaces comprising a portion of a helix to bend awire blank in one operation of the reciprocating die in a plurality ofplanes to form a helix having an axial bore of substantially uniformdiameter.

9. An apparatus for forming without the aid of a core or mandrelsupporting helices as separate articles of manufacture, comprising twodies, one of which reciprocates and each provided with die surfaces,each die surface having spaced shaping surfaces comprising a portion ofa helix, said shaping surfaces contacting only with that portion of thewire blank which when shaped by the dies to form a helix becomes aportion of the interior surface of the axial bore of the helix, whichbore is of substantially uniform diameter throughout.

10. An apparatus for forming without the aid of a core or mandrelsupporting helices as separate articles of manufacture, comprising twodies, one of which reciprocates and each provided with staggered shapingsurfaces comprising a portion of a helix so that any particular portionof the wire blank will be operated upon by a die shaping surface freefrom pressure of the adjacent staggered die shaping surface, and eachdie shaping surface contacting only with that portion of the wire blankwhich when shaped by the shaping surfaces to form a helix becomes ,aportion of the interior surface of the axial bore. of the helix, whichbore is of substantially uniform diameter throu8 0ut.

JOHN KARITZKY.

